
Introduction
Potassium is an essential nutrient present in all body tissues. It is sometimes referred to as an electrolyte because it carries a small electrical charge that activates various cell and nerve functions.
Potassium has a strong relationship with sodium but has opposite effects on the body as high potassium intake may offset some of the sodium in the diet. [1,3,4]

- Potassium is absorbed in the small intestine via passive diffusion. [1]
- About 85-90% of potassium consumed is absorbed. [1,2]
- After a meal, potassium is absorbed and rapidly enters the extracellular fluid. [5]

- The total amount of potassium in the human body is approximately 140g (for a 175-pound adult). [1,5]
- Also, almost 98 per cent of total body potassium is found within cells. [3,5]
- Most of the body potassium is located in the muscle (70%), with lower amounts present in the bone, liver, skin and red blood cells. [5]

- Potassium is usually excreted in the urine, some excreted through stool and a very small amount through sweat. [1,5]
- The total potassium excreted through urine is estimated to be around 77% and 92% of total dietary intake. [5]
Body Functions

Adequate Daily Intake

Deficiency Symptoms

Potassium Food Sources

Excessive Intake/ Toxicity Side Effects

Groups At Risk of Potassium Deficiency
Potassium Interaction With Other Nutrients
- Sodium chloride – Dietary potassium intake can increase urinary excretion of sodium chloride. [2]
- Magnesium – Inadequate magnesium intake can lead to potassium deficiency. [1]
- Calcium – Potassium depletion enhances the urinary loss of calcium. However, potassium supplementation can potentially decrease urinary calcium excretion. [5]