Recommended daily intake= 120 mcg
- Parsley, raw
Contain: 1640 mcg
%DV: 2050 % - Kale, raw
Contain: 817 mcg
%DV: 1021% - Dandelion greens, raw
Contain: 778 mcg
%DV: 973% - Mustard greens, raw
Contain: 497 mcg
%DV: 622% - Spinach, raw
Contain: 483 mcg
%DV: 604% - Beet greens, raw
Contain: 400 mcg
%DV: 500% - Watercress, raw
Contain: 250 mcg
%DV: 312% - Onions, spring or scallions (includes tops and bulb), raw
Contain: 207 mcg
%DV: 259% - Spices, pepper, black
Contain: 164 mcg
%DV: 205% - Spices, curry powder
Contain: 99.8 mcg
%DV: 125%
Deficiency symptoms
- Increase the bleeding time and hemorrhage
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29540231 - poor bone development and osteoporosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536983/ - increased cardiovascular disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536983/ - has a negative impact on spermatogenesis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31576592 - Depression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30959758
cognitive impairment
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30061825
Function:
- Blood clotting
- maintain strong bones in the older adults.
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002407.htm - Prevent hardening of heart arteries
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-k/ - an antidote in poisoning by dicoumarol or warfarin
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123919090500475 - sometimes added to food as a preservative to control fermentation.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123918826000078 - Osteocalcin production that may be involved in bone mineralization
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/
Overdose: absent
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/#h8
Excess: stored mainly in liver then stored in other body tissues, including the brain, heart, pancreas, and bone
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123919090500475
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/#h8
Type: Fat soluble vitamin
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002407.htm
Side effects of hypervitaminosis K:
No adverse effects associated with vitamin K consumption from food or supplements have been reported in humans or animals.
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/#h8