Function:
- control blood pressure
- control blood volume
- for muscles and nerves to work properly
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002415.htm - maintain the proper balance of water and minerals
- sodium chloride (salt) used as food flavor and preservative
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/ - normal growth of children
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781416031635500130
Overdose: more than 2300 mg/day
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/
Excess: excreted in the urine
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/how-body-regulates-salt-levels
Type: water soluble
Side effects of hypernatremia:
- High blood pressure
- A serious retention of fluid in people with heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, or kidney disease
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002415.htm - increase risk of stomach cancer
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/ - hypocalcemia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323035064101622 - osteoporosis
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/
Neurological symptoms
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323041072501332
Recommended daily intake= 2300 mg
- Salt, table
Contain: 38758 mg
%DV: 1615% - Leavening agents, baking soda
Contain: 27361 mg
%DV: 1140% - Grape leaves, canned
Contain: 2853 mg
%DV: 119% - Tomatoes, sun-dried
Contain: 2095 mg
%DV: 87% - Eggplant, pickled
Contain: 1674 mg
%DV: 70% - Pickles, cucumber, sour
Contain: 1208 mg
%DV: 50% - Spices, chili powder
Contain: 1010 mg
%DV: 42% - Olives, ripe, canned (small-extra-large)
Contain: 872 mg
%DV: 36% - Seaweed, wakame, raw
Contain: 872 mg
%DV: 36%
Deficiency symptoms
- neurological symptoms and poor growth
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27276434 - impaired cognition, and fatigue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25572931 - increase fracture risk.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24840297 - impaired gait stability
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28810281 - life-threatening cerebral edema
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23918113 - seizures and cardiorespiratory distress
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27044859
